Emergency evacuation readiness of full-time wheelchair users with spinal cord injury

McClure LA, Boninger ML, Oyster ML, Roach MJ, Nagy J, Nemunaitis G.
Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2011 Mar;92(3):491-8. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2010.08.030.

SOURCE:   Human Engineering Research Laboratories, Department of Veterans Affairs, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

OBJECTIVES:  To determine the percentage of full-time wheelchair users with spinal cord injuries who felt they could evacuate from various locations, and the percentage who have a plan for evacuation. Study results will help clinicians and emergency officials understand needs related to evacuation preparedness.

DESIGN: Convenience sample survey.

SETTING:  Six Spinal Cord Injury Model System centers, part of the national database funded through the Department of Education, National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research.

PARTICIPANTS:  People (N=487) with spinal cord injuries who use a wheelchair more than 40 hours a week.

INTERVENTIONS:  Not applicable.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:  The percentage of wheelchair users who felt they would be able to safely evacuate, had a plan for safe evacuation, or reported a need for assistive technology and human assistance to evacuate from various locations in the event of an emergency.

RESULTS:  The highest percentage of participants felt they would be able to safely evacuate and had a plan for work evacuation. The lowest percentage of participants reported they could evacuate from their city/town in the event of an emergency and had a plan to evacuate their city/town in the event of a natural disaster. A large difference exists between the percentage of participants who felt they could evacuate and those who have a plan for evacuation.

CONCLUSIONS:  A large discrepancy exists between the perception that one can evacuate and actually having a plan. The perception that one can evacuate without a plan or the use of assistive technology is an area of concern that must be further addressed by educators. Education must emphasize the need to have a defined evacuation plan and effective utilization of assistive technology.