Expenditures and use of wraparound health insurance for employed people with disabilities

John Gettens, Ph.D., Denise Hoffman, Ph.D., Alexis D. Henry, Sc.D.

Disability and Health Journal, Vol. 9, Issue 2, p248–255
Published online: December 13, 2015
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2015.12.001

Background

The Affordable Care Act (ACA) provides health insurance to many working-age adults with disabilities, but we do not expect the new coverage or existing insurance options to fully meet their employment-related health care needs. Wraparound services have the potential to foster employment among people with disabilities.

Objective

We use Massachusetts, which implemented health care reform in 2006, as a case study to estimate the wraparound health care expenditures and use for workers with disabilities.

Methods

We identified a group of employed, working-age people with disabilities whose primary health insurance is Medicare or private insurance and who use the Medicaid Buy-In Program for wraparound coverage. We analyzed claims to estimate expenditures and use.

Results

Wraparound expenditures averaged $427 per member per month. Community-based services for both mental and non-mental health, which are generally not covered by Medicare or private insurance, accounted for 63% of all expenditures. The number who used community-based services was low, but the expenditures were high. The majority of the remaining expenditures were for services usually covered by primary insurance including: inpatient and outpatient, pharmacy and professional services. Expenditures were higher for people with Medicare compared to private insurance.

Conclusions

This case study suggests that, from a total program cost perspective, wraparound demand is greatest for community-based services. From a member utilization perspective, the demand is greatest for coverage that alleviates out-of-pocket costs for services provided by primary insurance. Additional analysis is needed to further assess the design options for wraparound programs and their feasibility.